Tropical fish - How to stock your tank

Tropical fishpeace-loving roamers!
- HOW TO STOCK YOUR TANK -* Water temperature. Just because the dozen or
It's all very well to hear people talking about theso species of fish in that wall of tanks in the pet
beauties of an aquarium, how to maintainstore are all labeled 'tropical fish', doesn't mean
adequate pH, keeping nitrate and phosphate levelsthat they're all tropical fish from the same region.
adequately balanced, and so on … thereDifferent fish thrive in different temperatures -
seems to be plenty of technical detail available!and because you can only have one temperature
But what about the actual fish? How do youat a time in your tank, it's best if you choose fish
choose which ones you want? How do you knowthat are comfortable in the same temperature
whether they'll be too big for the tank when theyrange.
grow up, or whether they'll be compatible with* Life expectancy. Some fish live for upwards of
your other fish? How do you find out how toten years - which is a pretty serious time
stock your tank?commitment! If you're a free spirit who likes to
Here is a quick rundown of the things you'll needroam about (and, let's face it, tropical fish tanks
to bear in mind when choosing fish for your tank,don't normally go down so well when you're trying
as well as a brief look at a couple of the moreto thumb a ride), consider how long you're likely
common types of tropical fish. Hopefully it'll giveto want to keep this fish tank for, and shop
you a good idea of where to get started!accordingly.
Freshwater vs. SaltwaterSo what types of fish can I buy then?
Obviously, the water type is different, but whatShopping for tropical fish is fun! As long as you've
does that actually mean in terms of the kind ofgot your tank dimensions figured out and know
aquarium you'll end up with?basically how much money you want to spend
Specifically, freshwater tanks are generally(and have perhaps printed out the above list, to
recommended for beginner aquarists - especially iftake with you to the store), grab your wallet and
children are going to be involved in looking afterhead to the pet shop/fish breeder. One of the
the fish.best parts about keeping a tropical tank is that
This is because freshwater fish are much easierthe beauty of the fish doesn't depend on the size
to look after, and are generally more resilient toof your checking account!
less-than-perfect water quality and fluctuations inSome common breeds that you'll likely encounter:
temperature (and, really, all the sorts of mistakes* Clown Loach. Clown loaches are colorful, lively,
that beginners are prone to make!). In general,and humorous fish with plenty of quirky
freshwater tanks are both cheaper and easier topersonality traits (like lying on their side when
maintain than saltwater ones.resting, and making loud clicking noises when they
Saltwater aquariums often have more colorfuleat!) Clown loaches do best in schools, so if you
fish, but maintaining the chemistry of a saltwaterlike them, get at least three or four. These fish
tank is a pretty finicky business, and is bestgrow between 6 and 12 inches - they're pretty
undertaken by someone well-versed in the lore ofsizeable! - and prefer to eat meaty food.
fish-keeping.* Congo Tetra. These peaceful fish are popular
What to think about when choosing your fishchoices for beginners, as they're very brightly
Unfortunately, choosing fish for an aquarium isn'tcolored and like to flash around the tank in
as simple as you might think. You can't just godivertingly attractive schools (again, you'll need to
into a pet store and select arbitrary numbers ofget more than a few of these to keep them
the fish that you find the most appealing - youhappy). These are a medium-sized fish, generally
need to invest some forethought into your tankgrowing to around 5 inches in length, and require a
to ensure that your fish lead happy, healthy lives.minimum of 30 gallons of water for adequate
Some things to think about:swimming space. Tetras love clean water, and
* Fish size. When you buy fish, they're usuallylots of live plants to dart around and hide behind,
babies. Some will stay about the same size, butbut aside from this they're pretty easy-care.
other will grow much, much larger - so you'll need* Elephant Nose. These are really amazing fish to
to bear the size of your tank in mind! As alook at - they have a long, protuberant 'trunk' for
standard rule of thumb, always buy for the adulta nose (hence the name) which they use to hunt
size. If there's no guide on the tank or if you'resmall live food - although they will also eat frozen
unsure, ask the assistant. This is really important,and flaked food too, if it's all that's available. They
because fish are sensitive little creatures: if they'regrow to be about 8 inches long and need a sandy,
subjected to overcrowding (which happens whengravelly bottom on the tank. These are fairly
fish are too large for their surrounds), they canterritorial fish, but will do fine as long as the tank
get so stressed out that they die. Really.isn't overcrowded.
* Recommended diet. Not all fish dine equally -* Tiger Barb. These fish derive their names from
some fish eat live food, some eat frozen food,the characteristic black barring ('tiger stripes') on
some eat flakes, and some will eat anything (buttheir flanks. They're very striking fish, but they
don't rely on that last one when it's tank-stockingcan be quite aggressive toward other species
time!) Because different fish eat different things,(they're known as fin nippers). Aggression is
unless you're prepared to invest time each day inminimized by keeping them in schools, where
measuring out the accurate quantities of variousthey'll be distracted from the other fish in the
fish foods, it's best to get fish that eat the sametank by working out the necessary hierarchy
thing. It'll make it easier and less expensive foramong themselves - it can be pretty diverting to
you to take care of your new pets (and willwatch! Tiger Barbs grow to about 3 inches and
ensure that the kids can participate, too, if theyneed plenty of space for schooling. They're
want to get involved).omnivores, so they eat all types of food: the one
* Compatibility. Contrary to popular belief, fish dofeeding rule is to do it regularly, to avoid
actually have personalities - and some of themaggression!
can get pretty aggressive. Many tropical fish haveFurther Reading
well-deserved reputations as bullies: they can nipFor more information on the technicalities of
the fins of other, more peace-loving fish, they cankeeping a tropical fish tank, check out Katy's
'barge' smaller fish, and they can get into fightsTropical Fish - A Complete Guide. As the title
(which are frequently pretty vicious). To eliminatepromises, it's a complete compendium for the
the likelihood of your fish getting into scraps, youresponsible fish-keeper of any experience level,
should aim to buy fish that have mutuallyand is packed from start to finish with valuable
compatible personalities - which means, nogems of relevant, detailed, and easy-read
territorial fighting fish in with a school ofinformation.